Adaptation to Extreme Antarctic Environments Revealed by the Genome of a Sea Ice Green Alga.
Identifieur interne : 000277 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000276; suivant : 000278Adaptation to Extreme Antarctic Environments Revealed by the Genome of a Sea Ice Green Alga.
Auteurs : Zhenhua Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Changfeng Qu [République populaire de Chine] ; Kaijian Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Yingying He [République populaire de Chine] ; Xing Zhao [République populaire de Chine] ; Lingxiao Yang [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhou Zheng [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiaoya Ma [République populaire de Chine] ; Xixi Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Wenyu Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Kai Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Dan Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Liping Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xin Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Danyan Su [République populaire de Chine] ; Xin Chang [République populaire de Chine] ; Mengyan Zhou [République populaire de Chine] ; Dan Gao [République populaire de Chine] ; Wenkai Jiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Frederik Leliaert [Belgique] ; Debashish Bhattacharya [États-Unis] ; Olivier De Clerck [Belgique] ; Bojian Zhong [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinlai Miao [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Current biology : CB [ 1879-0445 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L thrives in polar sea ice, where it tolerates extreme low temperatures, high salinity, and broad seasonal fluctuations in light conditions. Despite the high interest in biotechnological uses of this species, little is known about the adaptations that allow it to thrive in this harsh and complex environment. Here, we assembled a high-quality genome sequence of ∼542 Mb and found that retrotransposon proliferation contributed to the relatively large genome size of ICE-L when compared to other chlorophytes. Genomic features that may support the extremophilic lifestyle of this sea ice alga include massively expanded gene families involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, DNA repair, photoprotection, ionic homeostasis, osmotic homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species detoxification. The acquisition of multiple ice binding proteins through putative horizontal gene transfer likely contributed to the origin of the psychrophilic lifestyle in ICE-L. Additional innovations include the significant upregulation under abiotic stress of several expanded ICE-L gene families, likely reflecting adaptive changes among diverse metabolic processes. Our analyses of the genome, transcriptome, and functional assays advance general understanding of the Antarctic green algae and offer potential explanations for how green plants adapt to extreme environments.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.029
PubMed: 32619486
Affiliations:
- Belgique, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- New Jersey, Province de Flandre-Orientale, Région flamande
- Gand, New Brunswick (New Jersey), Pékin
- Université Rutgers, Université de Gand
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Xin" sort="Chang, Xin" uniqKey="Chang X" first="Xin" last="Chang">Xin Chang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Mengyan" sort="Zhou, Mengyan" uniqKey="Zhou M" first="Mengyan" last="Zhou">Mengyan Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, 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populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leliaert, Frederik" sort="Leliaert, Frederik" uniqKey="Leliaert F" first="Frederik" last="Leliaert">Frederik Leliaert</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement><region>Région flamande</region><region type="district" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, Debashish" sort="Bhattacharya, Debashish" uniqKey="Bhattacharya D" first="Debashish" last="Bhattacharya">Debashish Bhattacharya</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">New Jersey</region><settlement type="city">New Brunswick (New Jersey)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Rutgers</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Clerck, Olivier" sort="De Clerck, Olivier" uniqKey="De Clerck O" first="Olivier" last="De Clerck">Olivier De Clerck</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhong, Bojian" sort="Zhong, Bojian" uniqKey="Zhong B" first="Bojian" last="Zhong">Bojian Zhong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China. Electronic address: bjzhong@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, Jinlai" sort="Miao, Jinlai" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jinlai" last="Miao">Jinlai Miao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China. Electronic address: miaojinlai@fio.org.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266237 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32619486</idno><idno type="pmid">32619486</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.029</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000086</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000086</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000086</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000086</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000086</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Adaptation to Extreme Antarctic Environments Revealed by the Genome of a Sea Ice Green Alga.</title><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Zhenhua" sort="Zhang, Zhenhua" uniqKey="Zhang Z" first="Zhenhua" last="Zhang">Zhenhua Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qu, Changfeng" sort="Qu, Changfeng" uniqKey="Qu C" first="Changfeng" last="Qu">Changfeng Qu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266237 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Kaijian" sort="Zhang, Kaijian" uniqKey="Zhang K" first="Kaijian" last="Zhang">Kaijian Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Yingying" sort="He, Yingying" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yingying" last="He">Yingying He</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Xing" sort="Zhao, Xing" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xing" last="Zhao">Xing Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Lingxiao" sort="Yang, Lingxiao" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Lingxiao" last="Yang">Lingxiao Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Zhou" sort="Zheng, Zhou" uniqKey="Zheng Z" first="Zhou" last="Zheng">Zhou Zheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266237 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Xiaoya" sort="Ma, Xiaoya" uniqKey="Ma X" first="Xiaoya" last="Ma">Xiaoya Ma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Xixi" sort="Wang, Xixi" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xixi" last="Wang">Xixi Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Wenyu" sort="Wang, Wenyu" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wenyu" last="Wang">Wenyu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Kai" sort="Wang, Kai" uniqKey="Wang K" first="Kai" last="Wang">Kai Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Dan" sort="Li, Dan" uniqKey="Li D" first="Dan" last="Li">Dan Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Liping" sort="Zhang, Liping" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Liping" last="Zhang">Liping Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Xin" sort="Zhang, Xin" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xin" last="Zhang">Xin Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266061 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Su, Danyan" sort="Su, Danyan" uniqKey="Su D" first="Danyan" last="Su">Danyan Su</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Xin" sort="Chang, Xin" uniqKey="Chang X" first="Xin" last="Chang">Xin Chang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Mengyan" sort="Zhou, Mengyan" uniqKey="Zhou M" first="Mengyan" last="Zhou">Mengyan Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Dan" sort="Gao, Dan" uniqKey="Gao D" first="Dan" last="Gao">Dan Gao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Wenkai" sort="Jiang, Wenkai" uniqKey="Jiang W" first="Wenkai" last="Jiang">Wenkai Jiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leliaert, Frederik" sort="Leliaert, Frederik" uniqKey="Leliaert F" first="Frederik" last="Leliaert">Frederik Leliaert</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement><region>Région flamande</region><region type="district" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, Debashish" sort="Bhattacharya, Debashish" uniqKey="Bhattacharya D" first="Debashish" last="Bhattacharya">Debashish Bhattacharya</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">New Jersey</region><settlement type="city">New Brunswick (New Jersey)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Rutgers</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Clerck, Olivier" sort="De Clerck, Olivier" uniqKey="De Clerck O" first="Olivier" last="De Clerck">Olivier De Clerck</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhong, Bojian" sort="Zhong, Bojian" uniqKey="Zhong B" first="Bojian" last="Zhong">Bojian Zhong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China. Electronic address: bjzhong@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>210023 Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, Jinlai" sort="Miao, Jinlai" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jinlai" last="Miao">Jinlai Miao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China. Electronic address: miaojinlai@fio.org.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>266237 Qingdao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Current biology : CB</title><idno type="eISSN">1879-0445</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L thrives in polar sea ice, where it tolerates extreme low temperatures, high salinity, and broad seasonal fluctuations in light conditions. Despite the high interest in biotechnological uses of this species, little is known about the adaptations that allow it to thrive in this harsh and complex environment. Here, we assembled a high-quality genome sequence of ∼542 Mb and found that retrotransposon proliferation contributed to the relatively large genome size of ICE-L when compared to other chlorophytes. Genomic features that may support the extremophilic lifestyle of this sea ice alga include massively expanded gene families involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, DNA repair, photoprotection, ionic homeostasis, osmotic homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species detoxification. The acquisition of multiple ice binding proteins through putative horizontal gene transfer likely contributed to the origin of the psychrophilic lifestyle in ICE-L. Additional innovations include the significant upregulation under abiotic stress of several expanded ICE-L gene families, likely reflecting adaptive changes among diverse metabolic processes. Our analyses of the genome, transcriptome, and functional assays advance general understanding of the Antarctic green algae and offer potential explanations for how green plants adapt to extreme environments.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Data-Review" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32619486</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1879-0445</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>30</Volume><Issue>17</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>07</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Current biology : CB</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Curr Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Adaptation to Extreme Antarctic Environments Revealed by the Genome of a Sea Ice Green Alga.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>3330-3341.e7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0960-9822(20)30845-9</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.029</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L thrives in polar sea ice, where it tolerates extreme low temperatures, high salinity, and broad seasonal fluctuations in light conditions. Despite the high interest in biotechnological uses of this species, little is known about the adaptations that allow it to thrive in this harsh and complex environment. Here, we assembled a high-quality genome sequence of ∼542 Mb and found that retrotransposon proliferation contributed to the relatively large genome size of ICE-L when compared to other chlorophytes. Genomic features that may support the extremophilic lifestyle of this sea ice alga include massively expanded gene families involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, DNA repair, photoprotection, ionic homeostasis, osmotic homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species detoxification. The acquisition of multiple ice binding proteins through putative horizontal gene transfer likely contributed to the origin of the psychrophilic lifestyle in ICE-L. Additional innovations include the significant upregulation under abiotic stress of several expanded ICE-L gene families, likely reflecting adaptive changes among diverse metabolic processes. Our analyses of the genome, transcriptome, and functional assays advance general understanding of the Antarctic green algae and offer potential explanations for how green plants adapt to extreme environments.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Zhenhua</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qu</LastName><ForeName>Changfeng</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Kaijian</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Yingying</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Xing</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Lingxiao</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zheng</LastName><ForeName>Zhou</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ma</LastName><ForeName>Xiaoya</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Xixi</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Wenyu</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Kai</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Dan</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Liping</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Xin</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Su</LastName><ForeName>Danyan</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chang</LastName><ForeName>Xin</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Mengyan</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gao</LastName><ForeName>Dan</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Wenkai</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, 100083 Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leliaert</LastName><ForeName>Frederik</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bhattacharya</LastName><ForeName>Debashish</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De Clerck</LastName><ForeName>Olivier</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhong</LastName><ForeName>Bojian</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China. Electronic address: bjzhong@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miao</LastName><ForeName>Jinlai</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China. Electronic address: miaojinlai@fio.org.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>02</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Curr Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9107782</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0960-9822</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">adaptive evolution</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">comparative genomics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">de novo genome</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">extreme Antarctic environments</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">sea ice green algae</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>22</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32619486</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0960-9822(20)30845-9</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.029</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>New Jersey</li><li>Province de Flandre-Orientale</li><li>Région flamande</li></region><settlement><li>Gand</li><li>New Brunswick (New Jersey)</li><li>Pékin</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Rutgers</li><li>Université de Gand</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Zhang, Zhenhua" sort="Zhang, Zhenhua" uniqKey="Zhang Z" first="Zhenhua" last="Zhang">Zhenhua Zhang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chang, Xin" sort="Chang, Xin" uniqKey="Chang X" first="Xin" last="Chang">Xin Chang</name><name sortKey="Gao, Dan" sort="Gao, Dan" uniqKey="Gao D" first="Dan" last="Gao">Dan Gao</name><name sortKey="He, Yingying" sort="He, Yingying" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yingying" last="He">Yingying He</name><name sortKey="Jiang, Wenkai" sort="Jiang, Wenkai" uniqKey="Jiang W" first="Wenkai" last="Jiang">Wenkai Jiang</name><name sortKey="Li, Dan" sort="Li, Dan" uniqKey="Li D" first="Dan" last="Li">Dan Li</name><name sortKey="Ma, Xiaoya" sort="Ma, Xiaoya" uniqKey="Ma X" first="Xiaoya" last="Ma">Xiaoya Ma</name><name sortKey="Miao, Jinlai" sort="Miao, Jinlai" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jinlai" last="Miao">Jinlai Miao</name><name sortKey="Qu, Changfeng" sort="Qu, Changfeng" uniqKey="Qu C" first="Changfeng" last="Qu">Changfeng Qu</name><name sortKey="Su, Danyan" sort="Su, Danyan" uniqKey="Su D" first="Danyan" last="Su">Danyan Su</name><name sortKey="Wang, Kai" sort="Wang, Kai" uniqKey="Wang K" first="Kai" last="Wang">Kai Wang</name><name sortKey="Wang, Wenyu" sort="Wang, Wenyu" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wenyu" last="Wang">Wenyu Wang</name><name sortKey="Wang, Xixi" sort="Wang, Xixi" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xixi" last="Wang">Xixi Wang</name><name sortKey="Yang, Lingxiao" sort="Yang, Lingxiao" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Lingxiao" last="Yang">Lingxiao Yang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Kaijian" sort="Zhang, Kaijian" uniqKey="Zhang K" first="Kaijian" last="Zhang">Kaijian Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Liping" sort="Zhang, Liping" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Liping" last="Zhang">Liping Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Xin" sort="Zhang, Xin" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xin" last="Zhang">Xin Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhao, Xing" sort="Zhao, Xing" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xing" last="Zhao">Xing Zhao</name><name sortKey="Zheng, Zhou" sort="Zheng, Zhou" uniqKey="Zheng Z" first="Zhou" last="Zheng">Zhou Zheng</name><name sortKey="Zhong, Bojian" sort="Zhong, Bojian" uniqKey="Zhong B" first="Bojian" last="Zhong">Bojian Zhong</name><name sortKey="Zhou, Mengyan" sort="Zhou, Mengyan" uniqKey="Zhou M" first="Mengyan" last="Zhou">Mengyan Zhou</name></country><country name="Belgique"><region name="Région flamande"><name sortKey="Leliaert, Frederik" sort="Leliaert, Frederik" uniqKey="Leliaert F" first="Frederik" last="Leliaert">Frederik Leliaert</name></region><name sortKey="De Clerck, Olivier" sort="De Clerck, Olivier" uniqKey="De Clerck O" first="Olivier" last="De Clerck">Olivier De Clerck</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="New Jersey"><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, Debashish" sort="Bhattacharya, Debashish" uniqKey="Bhattacharya D" first="Debashish" last="Bhattacharya">Debashish Bhattacharya</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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